This is the lesson from 20 December 2018. This mostly covers about the Vietnam War. It also covers about Kate Chopin’s story in Reading Comprehension.
Lesson
- Lesson of Thursday, December 20, 2018
- Third Week, Day Thirteen
English
Parts of Speech
Nouns are things. Nouns can be classified as: Noun, Proper Noun, Pronoun.
Nouns are just name a thing like desk, door, floor. Proper Nouns name a specific person or thing. Examples of Proper Nouns: Tom, Jane, Lynn-They are proper nouns because they list a specific person.
- Adjectives describe nouns.
- Verbs are action words.
- Adverbs describe verbs.
Prepositions link nouns to other words. Examples of prepositions are to, or, in, with.
Conjunctions are words that link words, phrases, and clauses. They are also used sometimes to link two sentences together to make one sentence. Examples of conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
Interjections are words that are not necessary to the meaning of a sentence but express the emotion of the writer. They can stand alone or be part of a sentence. Examples of interjections are: Ouch! Okay. Hey. Oh.
Sentences
Sentences are built like this:
Sentence
| Subject | Predicate |
| Noun | Verb |
| Adjectives | Adverbs |
Example sentence: The smart woman rapidly answered the question and won the contest.
What is the subject?
Singular vs. Plural nouns
Singular nouns are nouning that name one thing such as:
- ball, house, floor, wall, lamp, television, disk
Plural nouns are nouns that name multiple things such as:
- balls, houses, floors, walls, lamps, televisions, disks
Singular vs. Plural verbs
Singular verbs go with singular nouns such as:
- the ball flies; the house stands; the wall falls; the lamp darkens; the disk spins
Plural verbs go with plural nouns such as:
- the balls fly; the houses stand; the walls fall; the lamps darken; the disks spin
Notice that plural nouns usually end in ‘s’ while plural verbs don’t, singular verbs usually end in’s’.
Examples of Singular Nouns
Car, Train, Table, Desk, Wall, Tornado, Person, Floor, Lamps Head
Notice that most singular nouns have do not have an ‘s’ at the end.
Examples of Singular Verbs
Runs, walks, talks, looks, throws, tosses, flies, waves, sings, turns.
Notice that most singular verbs have an ‘s’ at the end. Also notice that some singular verbs have extra letters other than the ‘s’ added, and may be spelled a little differently.
- Example: flies.
Examples of Plural Nouns
Cars, Trains, Tables, Desks, Walls, Tornadoes, People, Floors, Lamps, Heads
Notice that most, but not all, plural nouns have an ‘s’ at the end. The noun, ‘people’ is an example of a noun that doesn’t have an ‘s’ at the end.
Examples of Plural Verbs
Run, walk, talk, look, throw, toss, fly, wave, sing, turn.
Notice that most plural verbs do not have and ‘s’ at the end.
Handwriting
Practice handwriting so you can get faster.
Math
Fractions
A fraction is one number over the other like this:
| Number | Numerator and Denominator | Result |
| 11 | is the numerator | Larger than 1. |
| 6 | is the denominator | |
| Notice that if the numerator is larger the fraction is greater than (>) 1. | ||
| 11 | is the numerator | = 1 |
| 11 | is the denominator | |
| If the numerator = the denominator the fraction = 1. | ||
| 3 | is the numerator | Smaller than 1. |
| 7 | is the denominator | |
| Notice that if the numerator is smaller the fraction is greater than (<) 1. | ||
| 10 | is the numerator | Undefined |
| 0 | is the denominator | |
| If the denominator = 0 the fraction is undefined because division by 0 is not allowed in mathematics. | ||
New Mathematical Symbols
- ≤ means less than as in 2 < 4
- ≥ means greater than as in 4 > 2
- × sometimes used to indicate multiplication instead of x
- / division
- ÷ division
- () grouping symbols
- [] grouping symbols
- {} indicating a set of numbers or things
- π pi equals approximately 3.14159265… which is an unending number and is the circumference of a circle of 1 unit
- ∞ infinity
- ≠ not equal to
- ≤ less than or equal to
- ≥ greater than or equal to
- square root
- )¯¯¯ long division sign
Multiplication Tables
Study the multiplication tables and addition tables on the dining room table.
Reading Comprehension
Read the following story guess the theme of the story.
Regret
by Kate Chopin
This story was first published in 1897 when it appeared in Chopin’s short story collection A Night in Acadia.
- Text source is at https://americanliterature.com/author/kate-chopin/short-story/regret
MAMZELLE AURLIE possessed a good strong figure, ruddy cheeks, hair that was changing from brown to gray, and a determined eye. She wore a man’s hat about the farm, and an old blue army overcoat when it was cold, and sometimes top-boots.
Mamzelle Aurlie had never thought of marrying. She had never been in love. At the age of twenty she had received a proposal, which she had promptly declined, and at the age of fifty she had not yet lived to regret it.
So she was quite alone in the world, except for her dog Ponto, and the negroes who lived in her cabins and worked her crops, and the fowls, a few cows, a couple of mules, her gun (with which she shot chicken-hawks), and her religion.
One morning Mamzelle Aurlie stood upon her gallery, contemplating, with arms akimbo, a small band of very small children who, to all intents and purposes, might have fallen from the clouds, so unexpected and bewildering was their coming, and so unwelcome. They were the children of her nearest neighbor, Odile, who was not such a near neighbor, after all.
The young woman had appeared but five minutes before, accompanied by these four children. In her arms she carried little Lodie; she dragged Ti Nomme by an unwilling hand; while Marcline and Marclette followed with irresolute steps.
Her face was red and disfigured from tears and excitement. She had been summoned to a neighboring parish by the dangerous illness of her mother; her husband was away in Texas — it seemed to her a million miles away; and Valsin was waiting with the mule-cart to drive her to the station.
“It’s no question, Mamzelle Aurlie; you jus’ got to keep those youngsters fo’ me tell I come back. Dieu sait, I wouldn’ botha you with ’em if it was any otha way to do! Make ’em mine you, Mamzelle Aurlie; don’ spare ’em. Me, there, I’m half-crazy between the chil’ren, an’ Lon not home, an’ maybe not even to fine po’ maman alive encore!” — a harrowing possibility which drove Odile to take a final hasty and convulsive leave of her disconsolate family.
She left them crowded into the narrow strip of shade on the porch of the long, low house; the white sunlight was beating in on the white old boards; some chickens were scratching in the grass at the foot of the steps, and one had boldly mounted, and was stepping heavily, solemnly, and aimlessly across the gallery. There was a pleasant odor of pinks in the air, and the sound of negroes’ laughter was coming across the flowering cotton-field.
Mamzelle Aurlie stood contemplating the children. She looked with a critical eye upon Marcline, who had been left staggering beneath the weight of the chubby Lodie. She surveyed with the same calculating air Marclette mingling her silent tears with the audible grief and rebellion of Ti Nomme. During those few contemplative moments she was collecting herself, determining upon a line of action which should be identical with a line of duty. She began by feeding them.
If Mamzelle Aurlie’s responsibilities might have begun and ended there, they could easily have been dismissed; for her larder was amply provided against an emergency of this nature. But little children are not little pigs: they require and demand attentions which were wholly unexpected by Mamzelle Aurlie, and which she was ill prepared to give.
She was, indeed, very inapt in her management of Odile’s children during the first few days. How could she know that Marclette always wept when spoken to in a loud and commanding tone of voice? It was a peculiarity of Marclette’s. She became acquainted with Ti Nomme’s passion for flowers only when he had plucked all the choicest gardenias and pinks for the apparent purpose of critically studying their botanical construction.
“‘T ain’t enough to tell ‘im, Mamzelle Aurlie,” Marcline instructed her; “you got to tie ‘im in a chair. It’s w’at maman all time do w’en he’s bad: she tie ‘im in a chair.” The chair in which Mamzelle Aurlie tied Ti Nomme was roomy and comfortable, and he seized the opportunity to take a nap in it, the afternoon being warm.
At night, when she ordered them one and all to bed as she would have shooed the chickens into the hen-house, they stayed uncomprehending before her. What about the little white nightgowns that had to be taken from the pillow-slip in which they were brought over, and shaken by some strong hand till they snapped like ox-whips? What about the tub of water which had to be brought and set in the middle of the floor, in which the little tired, dusty, sun-browned feet had every one to be washed sweet and clean? And it made Marcline and Marclette laugh merrily — the idea that Mamzelle Aurlie should for a moment have believed that Ti Nomme could fall asleep without being told the story of Croque-mitaine or Loup-garou, or both; or that lodie could fall asleep at all without being rocked and sung to.
“I tell you, Aunt Ruby,” Mamzelle Aurlie informed her cook in confidence; “me, I’d rather manage a dozen plantation’ than fo’ chil’ren. It’s terrassent! Bont! don’t talk to me about chil’ren!”
“T ain’ ispected sich as you would know airy thing ’bout ’em, Mamzelle Aurlie. I see dat plainly yistiddy w’en I spy dat li’le chile playin’ wid yo’ baskit o’ keys. You don’ know dat makes chillun grow up hard-headed, to play wid keys? Des like it make ’em teeth hard to look in a lookin’-glass. Them’s the things you got to know in the raisin’ an’ manigement o’ chillun.”
Mamzelle Aurlie certainly did not pretend or aspire to such subtle and far-reaching knowledge on the subject as Aunt Ruby possessed, who had “raised five an’ buried six” in her day. She was glad enough to learn a few little mother-tricks to serve the moment’s need.
Ti Nomme’s sticky fingers compelled her to unearth white aprons that she had not worn for years, and she had to accustom herself to his moist kisses — the expressions of an affectionate and exuberant nature. She got down her sewing-basket, which she seldom used, from the top shelf of the armoire, and placed it within the ready and easy reach which torn slips and buttonless waists demanded. It took her some days to become accustomed to the laughing, the crying, the chattering that echoed through the house and around it all day long. And it was not the first or the second night that she could sleep comfortably with little Lodie’s hot, plump body pressed close against her, and the little one’s warm breath beating her cheek like the fanning of a bird’s wing.
But at the end of two weeks Mamzelle Aurlie had grown quite used to these things, and she no longer complained.
It was also at the end of two weeks that Mamzelle Aurlie, one evening, looking away toward the crib where the cattle were being fed, saw Valsin’s blue cart turning the bend of the road. Odile sat beside the mulatto, upright and alert. As they drew near, the young woman’s beaming face indicated that her home-coming was a happy one.
But this coming, unannounced and unexpected, threw Mamzelle Aurlie into a flutter that was almost agitation. The children had to be gathered. Where was Ti Nomme? Yonder in the shed, putting an edge on his knife at the grindstone. And Marcline and Marclette? Cutting and fashioning doll-rags in the corner of the gallery. As for Lodie, she was safe enough in Mamzelle Aurlie’s arms; and she had screamed with delight at sight of the familiar blue cart which was bringing her mother back to her.
THE excitement was all over, and they were gone. How still it was when they were gone! Mamzelle Aurlie stood upon the gallery, looking and listening. She could no longer see the cart; the red sunset and the blue-gray twilight had together flung a purple mist across the fields and road that hid it from her view. She could no longer hear the wheezing and creaking of its wheels. But she could still faintly hear the shrill, glad voices of the children.
She turned into the house. There was much work awaiting her, for the children had left a sad disorder behind them; but she did not at once set about the task of righting it. Mamzelle Aurlie seated herself beside the table. She gave one slow glance through the room, into which the evening shadows were creeping and deepening around her solitary figure. She let her head fall down upon her bended arm, and began to cry. Oh, but she cried! Not softly, as women often do. She cried like a man, with sobs that seemed to tear her very soul. She did not notice Ponto licking her hand.
Themes
Answer the following questions about the above story.
- Mamzelle Aurlie first resented taking care of the kids but then grew to like it and was sad when it was over.
- Mamzelle Aurlie hated kids.
- Mamzelle Aurlie cried from relief when the kids left.
- Mamzelle Aurlie was a bad person.
- None of the above.
Social Studies
Geography and World History
Cause and Effect
Read the following four stories and circle the ones you think the writer reached a false conclusion:
- I could not start my car’s engine this morning. It was freezing last night and the car’s battery could be dead or the fuel line frozen.
- I never take vitamins over the weekend. On Monday I caught a cold. If I had taken the vitamins on the weekend, I would not have caught a cold.
- I was using a helium tank to fill party balloons. One of the balloons exploded. The package of balloons I bought must have been defective.
- Sarah wore shoes with rubber soles instead of wooden soles to her dance class. She couldn’t glide on the dance floor. If she wore her wooden soles she could have glided better.
History
The Vietnam War (Second Indochina War)
- Text source is at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War
The Vietnam War (Vietnamese: Chiến tranh Việt Nam), also known as the Second Indochina War, and in Vietnam as the Resistance War Against America (Vietnamese: Kháng chiến chống Mỹ) or simply the American War, was a conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and the government of South Vietnam. The North Vietnamese army was supported by the Soviet Union, China, and other communist allies; the South Vietnamese army was supported by the United States, South Korea, the Philippines, Australia, Thailand and other anti-communist allies. The war is considered a Cold War-era proxy war by some US perspectives. The war would last approximately 19 years and would also form the Laotian Civil War as well as the Cambodian Civil War, which resulted in all 3 countries becoming communist states in 1975.
Credits
- This lesson was originally made with LibreOffice Writer by John M. Harpster.
- Formatted with Notepad++ for space removal.
- This was made and published to PDF with LibreOffice Writer and Microsoft Word by John T. Harpster.