This is the lesson from 01 October 2018. This content contains about the history of the American Revolutionary War.

Lesson

Lesson of Monday, October 1, 2018

First Week, Day One

English

Sentences

Sentences are built like this:

		Sentence
	Subject		Predicate
Noun	Adjectives		Verb	Adverbs

Nouns and Verbs

Nouns and Adjectives

Nouns are things. Here is a list of some nouns. Adjectives explain nouns more succinctly. Some adjectives are listed next to the nouns.

Verbs and Adverbs

Verbs are action words. They are things you do. Here is a list of some verbs. Some adverbs are listed to the right of the verbs. Adverbs are words that are added to verbs to explain them better.

Example of Parts of Speech in Sentences

The short man ran slowly and the pretty woman followed quietly.

Handwriting

Practice handwriting so you can get faster.

Math

Additions, Multiplications and Subtractions

Solve the following problems:

Addition (Plus)

Addition
+	33	25	67	99	21	32	65	81	43
	45	16	14	23	9	78	46	29	17
	78	41	81	122	30	110	111	110	60
	45	32	69	12
	27	88	34	88
	72	120	103	100

Remember to carry a one on top.

Multiplication (Times)

Multiplication
×

Subtraction (Minus)

Subtraction
–	94
	-4
	90

Please do not use the computer, phone or add wrong numbers during this lesson.

Fractions

A fraction is one number over the other like this:

Numerators and Denominators

Number	Numerator and Denominator	Result
7	is the numerator	Smaller
9	is the denominator
3	is the numerator	Smaller
7	is the denominator

Common Denominators

Fraction Number	Result
½ + 1/2	2/2	Equal
¼ + ¼ + 1/4	3/4	Smaller
½ + 1/4	6/8	Smaller

Only if you change ½ to the equivalent expression 2/4 thus: 2/4 + ¼ = ¾

Box

If you have a box:

Then you cut it in half:

You have two boxes each ½ of the original box. ½ is a fraction. You can add fractions if the denominator (The bottom number of the fraction) is the same. So, we add:

• ½ + ½ = 2/2 = 1 full box.

We add the numerator 1+ 1 and keep the denominator (The bottom number of the fraction) the same. So, the top number in a fraction is called the numerator. The bottom number of a fraction is called the denominator. We cannot add a number like ½ + 1/5 because the denominator (the bottom number) of the fraction is not the same.

f you cut the original box in three equal pieces:

You have three boxes each 1/3 of the original box. 1/3 is a fraction. 1 is the numerator and 3 is the denominator. We can add the numbers. 1/3 + 1/3 because the denominator (3) is the same. So, we add 1/3+1/3 = 2/3, or 1/3 +1/3+1/3 = 3/3 =1. If the denominator is equal to the numerator the number = 1.

If you cut the original box in four equal pieces:

You have four boxes each 1/4 of the original box. 1/4 is a fraction. You can add ¼ + ¼ = 2/4 because the denominator is the same. You can add ¼ + ¼ + ¼ = ¾ because the denominator (4) is the same.

• ¼ + ¼ + ¼  + ¼ = 4/4 = 1.

4/4 = 1 because the numerator (4) and the denominator (4) are the same. You cannot add 1/4+1/3 because the denominators are different.

If you cut the original box in five equal pieces:

You have five boxes each 1/5 of the original box. 1/5 is a fraction. You can add 1/5 + 1/5 = 2/5 because the denominator (5) is the same.

• 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 = 3/5.
• 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 = 4/5.
• 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 = 5/5 = 1

5/5 = 1 because the numerator (5) and the denominator (5) are the same. You cannot add 1/5 + 1/3 because the denominators are different. Remember:

• The top number of a fraction is called the numerator.
• The bottom number of a fraction is called the denominator.
• You can add fractions if the denominator is the same.
• You cannot add two fractions with different denominators.

To add two numbers with different denominators, you first have to manipulate the fractions until the denominators are the same. Example:

• ½ + ¼ – the denominator of the first number is 2
• the denominator of the second number is 4

To add these two numbers first you have to make equal numbers with the same denominator. If you take ½ and multiply the numerator with 2 the you also have to multiply the denominator with 2 so the number will stay the same. Remember 2/2 = one because the numerator and denominator are the same and if you multiply any number by one you get the same number again. So:

• ½ x 2/2 = 2/4 since 1x 2 = 2 and 2×2 = 4. So, 2/4 = ½.

Notice that 2/4 has the same denominator as ½.

• So now you can add 2/4+1/4 = ¾
• So: ½ + ¼ = ¾

Word Problems

Set up the following problem:

If you go to the store and buy 3 loaves of wheat bread and 4 loaves of white bread how many loaves of bread did you buy?

Result in Word Problem
	3	6	3	5	1	1	1
	+4	+2	-2	-1	+1	+2	+1
	7	8	1	4	2	3	2

Reading Comprehension

Read the following story.

The Doppelganger

• Text source is from https://lewiscsp.org/the-doppelganger/

September in Chicago, 1972. I was sitting alone in a stuffy train compartment and peering out of the window. The evening landscape outside was monotonous: at least nothing new had happened there since I departed from Rockwell station. I was heading to Chicago from the small town of Rockwell, where I had lived for almost 30 years. All I carried with me was a rusty suitcase packed with my stuff, and a blank lottery ticket which I bought on a station before boarding the train—not that I believed in luck. It was a momentary intention, and to tell the truth, I was a bit ashamed to buy that ticket: it felt like I was desperate and hoped to attain the attainable.

I looked at my translucent reflection in the window glass. A middle-aged white man with a thin nose and deep-set, prickly eyes; a man seeking for a new life and new opportunities, someone who had left his past behind but didn’t yet have a clear idea of his future. What I knew was that I was starting over: nothing else mattered.

In half an hour, the train made a short stop at some small no-name station, and I had an odd feeling come over me; I spent a couple of minutes trying to figure out what it was before it dawned on me. I had traveled in this direction for the last 10 years, but trains never stopped on their way to Chicago or from it. Actually, I couldn’t remember that I had ever seen that station—and I knew the landscape outside in detail. The reason why I had to go to Chicago was easy to explain—I had to bring my manuscripts to the publishing house, in person. Don’t ask me the details.

The stop didn’t take long, and in five minutes the train rolled on again. I was about to return to my slumber, but my compartment door flashed open, and I saw a stranger standing in the doorway. He was wearing a long black coat and a broad-brim hat; his outfit reminded me of gangster movies of the early 40s. The stranger’s face was hidden by a deep shade from his hat, so I couldn’t figure out how he looked exactly; I could feel his sharp glance at me. The man stood there for several seconds, and then I heard his voice: “May I take a seat?”

“Yes, sure,” I answered, and the stranger settled himself in front of me. I must have met him somewhere, I thought to myself. His voice seemed familiar. At the publishing office, perhaps?

“Going to Chicago?” he asked me without much interest.

“Yes, I’ve got relatives there.”

I lied. I don’t know why I did that: the words just flew off my tongue. Weird question, I thought. As if this train goes somewhere besides Chicago.

We sat silent for a bit. Apparently, he must have noticed the lottery ticket stub sticking out of my shirt pocket, because I heard a sound as if he grunted ironically.

“You believe in luck?” he asked me while pointing his finger at the ticket.

“Not really. I don’t know why I did it—I mean, why I bought this ticket,” I laughed.

He grunted again.

“Well, luck is all about that: you can never know when you run into milk and honey, and when life gives you a kick in the ass.”

I liked his manner of speech. It reminded me of some characters in my novels: confident, ironic, and sane. Sometimes I tried to speak in that manner myself.

“So, are you going to fill it in?” the stranger wondered.

“I don’t know, maybe. And maybe not. Why?”

“As I said, you never know when you run into Lady Luck.”

I felt that he was hesitating to say something important.

“I would advise you to bet on numbers 6, 29, 11, 7, 81, 77, and 10,” he blurted out all of a sudden.

“What’s so special about those numbers?” I asked him. “Is it some kind of a system?”

“No, I just have a feeling that they’ll win. You can call it intuition. You said you didn’t care, so I thought you wouldn’t mind my advice.”

In a couple of minutes, he apologized, saying that he had to leave me for a while. No need to say that I never met him again.

When I got off the train in Chicago, my first thought was to throw the ticket away. Why would I need it, I asked myself? But then a crazy idea hit my head, and I filled the ticket exactly with the numbers dictated to me by the stranger. Then I did my business at the publishing house, received my honorarium for my last novel, and returned home.

In a week, I checked the lottery ticket. Numbers 6, 29, 11, 7, 81, 77, and 10 were a complete match. I won the jackpot: $150,000.

I never told anyone about the stranger in that train: neither my wife, nor kids, or friends. In a month or so, I suddenly remembered where I met that guy: in one of my novels.

Social Studies

History

Revolutionary War and the Declaration of Independence

Throughout the 1600s and 1700s the British colonies continued to grow. As territories and trade expanded, tensions between the colonies and the British government began to rise. Central to the issue was the lack of representation of the colonists in Parliament along with increased taxation on colonial exports and increasingly strict laws by the king. Drawing on the precedent of majority rule, many colonists believed that they had a right to have a say in how the colonies were governed. By 1775, these tensions had escalated into armed conflict. Colonial militia and British troops fought at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts, marking the first time the colonist had taken up arms against British rule. The fighting at Lexington and Concord marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War.

Colonial leaders met in Philadelphia in 1776 to discuss the problems, and after prolonged debate and vote, that the only viable course of action was separation from the British Empire. Thomas Jefferson, a representative of a wealthy Virginia colony as well as a renowned scholar and political philosopher, was tasked with the job of writing the document that officially called for independence from the British Crown.

Influenced heavily by Enlightenment thinkers such as John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Baron de Montesquieu, Jefferson believed that men had certain unalienable, natural rights, and among these were the right to life, liberty, and property. Jefferson also believed that there existed a social contract between a government and its people based on upholding these rights. When a government failed in its duty and denied its citizens justice and liberty, it was the right of the people to abolish the government and establish a new one in its place.

On July 4th, 1776, the Second Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence. The main purpose of the declaration of Independence as a whole was to announce that the colonies had separated from Britain. The nation it established was the United States of America.

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Credits

• This lesson was originally made with LibreOffice Writer by John M. Harpster.
• Formatted with Notepad++ for space removal.
• Made and published to PDF with LibreOffice and Microsoft Word by John T. Harpster.

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