This lesson is from 11 October 2018. This content covers about the first economic system. It also contains about conquistadors, and explorers such as Prince Henry, Christopher Columbus, and British and French seaboard of the Americas.

Lesson

Lesson of Thursday, October 11, 2018

Second Week, Day Seven

English

Sentences

Sentences are built like this:

		Sentence
	Subject		Predicate
Noun	Adjectives		Verb	Adverbs

Nouns and Verbs

Nouns and Adjectives

Nouns are things. Here is a list of some nouns. Adjectives explain nouns more succinctly. Some adjectives are listed next to the nouns.

Verbs and Adverbs

Verbs are action words. They are things you do. Here is a list of some verbs. Some adverbs are listed to the right of the verbs. Adverbs are words that are added to verbs to explain them better.

Handwriting

Practice handwriting so you can get faster.

Math

Additions, Multiplications and Subtractions

Solve the following problems:

Addition (Plus)

Addition
+	33	56	44	78	52	65	53	92	22
	7	24	56	53	19	45	48	10	38
	40	80	100	131	71	110	101	102	60
	224	23	82	43	85	16	94	102	345
	26	97	14	47	25	24	26	98	5
	250	120	96	90	110	40	120	200	350
	1,000
	5,555
	6,555

Remember to carry a one on top.

Multiplication (Times)

Multiplication
×

Subtraction (Minus)

Subtraction
–	48
	-26
	22

Please do not use the computer, phone, or add wrong numbers during this lesson.

Fractions

A fraction is one number over the other like this:

Numerators and Denominators

Number	Numerator and Denominator	Result
10	is the numerator	Smaller
13	is the denominator
1	is the numerator	Smaller
10	is the denominator

Common Denominators

Fraction Number	Result
½ + 1/2	2/2	Equal
¼ + ¼ + 1/4	3/4	Smaller
½ + 1/4	6/8	Smaller

Only if you change ½ to the equivalent expression 2/4 thus: 2/4 + ¼ = ¾

Multiplication Tables

The following facts need to be memorized.

Multiplication Tables
	7 x 0 = 0 7 x 1 = 7 7 x 2 = 14 7 x 3 = 21 7 x 4 = 28 7 x 5 = 35 7 x 6 = 42 7 x 7 = 49 7 x 8 = 56 7 x 9 = 63 7 x 10 = 70	8 x 0 = 0 8 x 1 = 8 8 x 2 = 16 8 x 3 = 24 8 x 4 = 32 8 x 5 = 40 8 x 6 = 48 8 x 7 = 56 8 x 8 = 64 8 x 9 = 72 8 x 10 = 80

Word Problems

Set up the following problem:

If you go to the store and buy 4 loaves of wheat bread and 2 loaves of the bread fly out the window on the way home. How many loaves of bread do you have left?

If you buy 4 loaves white bread and 6 loaves wheat bread how many loaves do you have?

Result in Word Problem

Reading Comprehension

Read the following story and see if you can find the theme.

Billy Cooper

by John Falato (Tucson, AZ)

“There’s a shindig in town this Friday night and that namby-pamby son of the banker’s taken a shine to Ellie, but I know she’d prefer you’re asking her.”

“But I am not one to go courting; I still got to make my mark.”

“Hell Billy, you have made your mark on this town, everyone knows you, everyone likes you, and everyone would do whatever they could, if you need help. Your parents and you have added a lot to this town. I recall when it wasn’t safe in this territory, what with Indians and outlaws, to say nothing of the droughts? It was people like you and your family that stuck it out, that survived through it all that made this country livable. I’d say you made quite a mark on this town.”

“Thanks for saying that Ed.”

“By the way, I noticed you’re wearin’ that sidearm of yours a little too low. These high-strung cowboys around here might think you’re some kind of gunslinger and try you out.”

“Nah, I just thought I’d have some fun today. I’m hanging it up as soon as I get home.”

Ed’s waitress, Ellie, approached Billy’s table, “Your lucky day today, Billy, Ed says he’s picking up the check. And he says you’ve got something to tell me.”

‘Why that son-of-a-gun, Ed,’ Billy thought, but managed to squeak out, “I hear there’s a good-time Friday night at the town hall, would you like to go?”

“I’d love to go.”

“With me?”

“Of course, with you.”

“Pick you up at sundown then?”

“Sundown.”

Billy was never happier as he left Ed’s place, damned near singing out loud. When he got to the street, he heard a loud voice behind him, “Hey, gunslinger…”

Social Studies

The First Economic System

Through the middle ages, Europeans did not travel far beyond their corner of the world. Trade with Asia along the silk road had encouraged some Europeans, such as Marco Polo in the late 13th century to travel east, but with the conquests of the Ottoman Turks in the 14th century, Europeans found themselves restricted from travel by land to Asia. The closing of land routes to China also meant that silk and spices that had fueled economic growth for almost a thousand years all but stopped flowing west. Thus, European merchants, adventurers, and state officials began looking for new ways to make wealth. The desire for new trade opportunities, along with religious zeal to expand Christianity and recent advances in sailing technology, all made it possible for Europe to enter a new age of exploration.

Beginning in the early 1400s, Portuguese explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator and equipped with a new ship, the caravel, began to probe the western coast of Africa. Encouraged by an abundant spices trade, Portuguese ships charted new routes along the southern tip of Africa to India and captured several trading cities to serve as way-points for the passage east. Eager to share the wealth of its neighbor, Spain agreed to sponsor expeditions of its own. Christopher Columbus, who sailed from Europe in 1492 to reach the Americas, led the first of these trips. Columbus believed that he had found a westerly route to Asia. It took later explorers to realize that he had instead discovered a new world in the Western Hemisphere.

The 1500s saw a mass expansion of European power, Spanish conquerors, known as conquistadors, flooded the Americas in search of “gold, God, and glory”. Relying on superior technology such as gunpowder, these Spanish profiteers were able to conquer several civilizations, including the Aztecs and Incas, enslaving the populations, and looting their cities for precious goods. The flood of gold and silver and other precious metals from the Americas quickly made Spain the dominant power in Europe and motivated other nations to send expedition of their own. Although the Dutch failed at their attempts at colonization, the British and French established control over the eastern seaboard of the Americas by the 1600s.

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Credits

• This lesson was originally made with LibreOffice Writer by John M. Harpster.
• Formatted with Notepad++ for space removal.
• Made and published to PDF with LibreOffice and Microsoft Word by John T. Harpster.

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